The element specifies that any subtitle marked with the region=”region1″ attribute will be shown in the bottom 20% of the screen with a 20% margin on the left and right. The element specifies that any subtitle marked with the style=”style1″ attribute will be shown in blue. The following example element shows all three sub-elements. Metadata provides information about the document that might be used by editing, processing, or rendering tools. Regions define the size and location of the caption box. Styles are used to indicate the desired look and feel of subtitles/captions. The element specifies styles, regions, and metadata. The xlmns attribute defines the default namespace for the document, and the xlmns:tts attribute allows us to use the prefix “tts:” as an alias to “” namespace. The xml:lang attribute sets the default document language to English. The following example shows attributes that might typically be included in a element for TTML file: In addition, arbitrary metadata drawn from other namespaces may be specified. This info may include a document title, description, language, namespaces, and copyright information. the overall container for the document), the element is also used to specify document level metadata. In addition to being the root element (i.e. Each of these elements is discussed in more detail below. The element contains the actual subtitles/captions. It contains information about styles, layouts, and document metadata. The other elements are nested between the and tags, which mark the beginning and end of the element. The outermost element is the Timed Text, or element. For example, the general structure of a TTML document is as follows: Structureīeing an XML-based format, TTML is very similar to HTML, in that it consists of a collection of nested structural elements, with tags to mark the beginning and end of each element. TTML files can have the file extension (.ttml) or (.xml). Most video platforms such as Brightcove, Ooyala, and Kaltura (MediaSpace) also support TTML. It is also widely supported among video hosting and streaming services, such as YouTube, Netflix, and Amazon Video. TTML is growing in popularity for use with web-based applications, including Adobe Flash, Premiere Pro, and Microsoft Silverlight.
For a more detailed overview of XML-based captions, including the history of how the various standards were formed, read our History of XML Captions page. It is the base standard for other XML-based caption formats as well. It was designed to incorporate all functionality of existing formats, and therefore, become the standard interchange format between applications.
Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) is a standard for XML captions developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in order to unify the increasingly divergent set of existing caption formats.
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